Round 1: Speed Definitions (30 seconds each)

1. What does ETL stand for? Extract, Transform, Load.

2. OLAP vs OLTP in one sentence each? OLTP: fast individual transactions (app backend). OLAP: complex analytical queries across millions of rows (BI/dashboards).

3. What is the CAP theorem? Distributed systems can guarantee at most 2 of 3: Consistency, Availability, Partition tolerance. Since partitions happen, you choose CP or AP.

4. Batch vs streaming? Batch: process data on a schedule (reports, ETL). Streaming: process in real-time as it arrives (fraud, live dashboards).

5. What is a feature store? Centralized system for storing/serving ML features, ensuring consistency between training and production.